原文连接 https://blog.csdn.net/yutingzhaomeng/article/details/81708261
本文总结tensorflow使用的相关方法,包括:
0、定义网络输入
1、如何利用tensorflow在已有网络入resnet基础上搭建自己的网络结构
2、如何添加自己的网络层
3、如何导入已有模块入resnet全连接层之前部分的参数
4、定义网络损失
5、定义优化算子以及衰减优化算子
6、预测网络输出
7、保存网络模型
8、自定义生成训练batch
9、训练网络
10、利用tensorboard可视化训练过程
0、定义网络输入
inputs = tf.placeholder(tf.float32, [None, 224, 224, 3], name=‘inputs‘)
labels = tf.placeholder(tf.int32, [None], name=‘lables‘) is_training = tf.placeholder(tf.bool, name=‘is_training‘) 这里inputs表示输入数据,labels表示对应的label,is_training主要用于区分如drop和batchnorm层的训练测试阶段。1、如何利用tensorflow在已有网络入resnet基础上搭建自己的网络结构
with slim.arg_scope(nets.resnet_v1.resnet_arg_scope()):
if config.TRAIN.net_layer == ‘50‘: logits, endpoints = nets.resnet_v1.resnet_v1_50(inputs, num_classes=None, is_training=is_training) if config.TRAIN.net_layer == ‘101‘: logits, endpoints = nets.resnet_v1.resnet_v1_101(inputs, num_classes=None, is_training=is_training) if config.TRAIN.net_layer == ‘152‘: logits, endpoints = nets.resnet_v1.resnet_v1_152(inputs, num_classes=None, is_training=is_training) 以resnet为例,logits表示bottleneck特征,num_classes设置为None表示取bottleneck特征。2、如何添加自己的网络层
with tf.variable_scope(‘Logits‘):
logits = tf.squeeze(logits, axis=[1,2]) logits = slim.dropout(logits, keep_prob=0.5, scope=‘scope‘) logits = slim.fully_connected(logits, num_outputs=config.DATASET.num_classes, activation_fn=None, scope=‘fc‘) 这里有一个scope,后面我们会发现,主要用来区别resnet已有参数,squeeze用于将1*1*512的特征拉伸为向量,我们添加dropout层和全连接层。3、如何导入已有模块入resnet全连接层之前部分的参数
checkpoint_exclude_scopes = ‘Logits‘
exclusions = None if checkpoint_exclude_scopes: exclusions = [scope.strip() for scope in checkpoint_exclude_scopes.split(‘,‘)] variables_to_restore = [] for var in slim.get_model_variables(): excluded = False for exclusion in exclusions: if var.op.name.startswith(exclusion): excluded = True if not excluded: variables_to_restore.append(var)logits scope下的变量我们不考虑,其他参数restore恢复。4、定义网络损失
loss = tf.reduce_mean(tf.nn.sparse_softmax_cross_entropy_with_logits(labels=labels, logits=logits))
5、定义优化算子以及衰减优化算子optimizer = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate=0.0001)
train_step = optimizer.minimize(loss) batch = config.TRAIN.batch_size sample_size = len(os.listdir(config.DATASET.image_root)) global_step = tf.Variable(0) learning_rate = tf.train.exponential_decay(1e-4, global_step, decay_steps=4 * sample_size / batch, decay_rate=0.98, staircase=True) train_step = tf.train.GradientDescentOptimizer(learning_rate).minimize(loss, global_step=global_step) 上面的表示正常定义优化算子,下面的表示衰减优化算子。其中,batch表示每个batch样本数,sample_size即样本数,global_step用于获取当前iteration,sample_size / batch即每个epoch包含的iteration数目,计算衰减时,每一个decay_steps降低一次学习率。learning_rate_current = learning_rate_start * dacay_rate ** (global_step / decay_steps)。6、预测网络输出
logits = tf.nn.softmax(logits, name=‘logits‘)
classes = tf.argmax(logits, axis=1, name=‘classes‘) accuracy = tf.reduce_mean(tf.cast(tf.equal(tf.cast(classes, tf.int32), labels), tf.float32))7、保存网络模型init = tf.global_variables_initializer()
saver_restore = tf.train.Saver(var_list=variables_to_restore) saver = tf.train.Saver(tf.global_variables())8、自定义生成训练batchimages, truths, valid_imgs, valid_trus = get_batch()
def get_label(xml_path): tree = ET.parse(xml_path) objs = tree.findall(‘object‘) objs = [obj for obj in objs if ‘b‘ in obj.find(‘name‘).text] # select all pointer pannels if not len(objs) == 1: return [[], []] obj = objs[0] # suppose there is only one pannel, otherwise use center selection label = str(float(obj.find(‘name‘).text.split(‘b‘)[-1])) return [label] def get_list(): image_list = [] label_list = [] for file in os.listdir(config.DATASET.image_root): image_label = get_label(os.path.join(config.DATASET.label_root,file.split(‘.jpg‘)[0]+‘.xml‘)) if len(image_label) > 1: continue else: image_label = image_label[0] if image_label in config.DATASET.range_dict.keys(): label_list.append(config.DATASET.range_dict[image_label]) else: label_list.append(len(config.DATASET.range_dict)) image_list.append(os.path.join(config.DATASET.image_root,file)) valid_num = int(len(image_list)*config.DATASET.valid_ratio) train_list = image_list[valid_num:] valid_list = image_list[:valid_num] train_label = label_list[valid_num:] valid_label = label_list[:valid_num] return train_list, train_label, valid_list, valid_label def process_batch(input_quene): label = input_quene[1] image = tf.read_file(input_quene[0]) image = tf.image.decode_jpeg(image, channels=3) image = tf.image.resize_image_with_crop_or_pad(image, config.DATASET.width, config.DATASET.height) image = tf.image.per_image_standardization(image) image_batch, label_batch = tf.train.batch([image, label], batch_size=config.TRAIN.batch_size, capacity=config.TRAIN.capacity, num_threads=config.TRAIN.num_threads) label_batch = tf.reshape(label_batch, [config.TRAIN.batch_size]) image_batch = tf.cast(image_batch, tf.float32) return image_batch, label_batch def get_batch(): train_image_list, train_label_list, valid_image_list, valid_label_list = get_list() input_quene = tf.train.slice_input_producer([train_image_list, train_label_list]) trian_image_batch, trian_label_batch = process_batch(input_quene) valid_quene = tf.train.slice_input_producer([valid_image_list, valid_label_list]) valid_image_batch, valid_label_batch = process_batch(valid_quene) return trian_image_batch, trian_label_batch, valid_image_batch, valid_label_batch9、训练网络with tf.Session(config=tfConfig) as sess:
sess.run(init) coord = tf.train.Coordinator() threads = tf.train.start_queue_runners(sess=sess, coord=coord) # =============================Import Pretrained Parameter=========================== # saver_restore.restore(sess, config.TRAIN.model_path) # ================================TensorBoard Related================================ # tf.summary.image(‘inputs‘,inputs) tf.summary.scalar(‘loss‘,loss) tf.summary.scalar(‘accuracy‘,accuracy) tf.summary.scalar(‘learning rate‘, learning_rate) merged_summary_op = tf.summary.merge_all() if os.path.exists(os.path.join(config.TRAIN.log_path, ‘train‘)): shutil.rmtree(os.path.join(config.TRAIN.log_path, ‘train‘)) if os.path.exists(os.path.join(config.TRAIN.log_path, ‘valid‘)): shutil.rmtree(os.path.join(config.TRAIN.log_path, ‘valid‘)) train_writer = tf.summary.FileWriter(os.path.join(config.TRAIN.log_path, ‘train‘), sess.graph) valid_writer = tf.summary.FileWriter(os.path.join(config.TRAIN.log_path, ‘valid‘)) for i in range(config.TRAIN.num_iterations): images_, truths_ = sess.run([images, truths]) valid_imgs_, valid_trus_ = sess.run([valid_imgs, valid_trus]) summary_str, _, loss_, acc_ = sess.run([merged_summary_op, train_step, loss, accuracy], \ feed_dict={inputs: images_, labels: truths_, is_training: True}) valid_str, vloss, vacc = sess.run([merged_summary_op, loss, accuracy], \ feed_dict={inputs: valid_imgs_, labels: valid_trus_, is_training: False}) print(‘Step: {}, Loss: {:.4f}, Accuracy: {:.4f}, Valid Loss: {:.4f}, Valid Accuracy: {:.4f}‘.format(i+1, loss_, acc_, vloss, vacc)) # if (i+1) % 1000 == 0: # saver.save(sess, config.TRAIN.save_path) # print(‘save mode to {}‘.format(config.TRAIN.save_path)) # summary_str = sess.run(merged_summary_op) train_writer.add_summary(summary_str, i) valid_writer.add_summary(valid_str, i) coord.request_stop() coord.join(threads)10、利用tensorboard可视化训练过程tf.summary.image(‘inputs‘,inputs) tf.summary.scalar(‘loss‘,loss) tf.summary.scalar(‘accuracy‘,accuracy) tf.summary.scalar(‘learning rate‘, learning_rate) merged_summary_op = tf.summary.merge_all() if os.path.exists(os.path.join(config.TRAIN.log_path, ‘train‘)): shutil.rmtree(os.path.join(config.TRAIN.log_path, ‘train‘)) if os.path.exists(os.path.join(config.TRAIN.log_path, ‘valid‘)): shutil.rmtree(os.path.join(config.TRAIN.log_path, ‘valid‘)) train_writer = tf.summary.FileWriter(os.path.join(config.TRAIN.log_path, ‘train‘), sess.graph) valid_writer = tf.summary.FileWriter(os.path.join(config.TRAIN.log_path, ‘valid‘))
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