[linux]getopt_long

Linux下的命令行参数函数的使用

struct option 成员的解析

//{选项名，是否需要参数，如果是NULL，则getopt_long返回val（通常设定为short option）
    //如果非NULL，则getopt_long返回0,flag 指向val 
    //{"get",no_argument,&method,METHOD_GET}, ==》 匹配到get选项时，getopt_long返回0,method=METHOD_GET
    //}

getopt_long 参数的解析

//912Vfr ?h==> -9 -1 -2 -V -f -r
    //t: p: c:==>-t 100  选项后面要带一个参数
    //如果是字母后面带两个冒号表示选项后面的参数可有可无

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <getopt.h>
static void usage(void)
{
    fprintf(stderr,
            "webbench [option]... URL\n"
            "  -f|--force               Don't wait for reply from server.\n"
            "  -r|--reload              Send reload request - Pragma: no-cache.\n"
            "  -t|--time <sec>          Run benchmark for <sec> seconds. Default 30.\n"
            "  -p|--proxy <server:port> Use proxy server for request.\n"
            "  -c|--clients <n>         Run <n> HTTP clients at once. Default one.\n"
            "  -9|--http09              Use HTTP/0.9 style requests.\n"
            "  -1|--http10              Use HTTP/1.0 protocol.\n"
            "  -2|--http11              Use HTTP/1.1 protocol.\n"
            "  --get                    Use GET request method.\n"
            "  --head                   Use HEAD request method.\n"
            "  --options                Use OPTIONS request method.\n"
            "  --trace                  Use TRACE request method.\n"
            "  -?|-h|--help             This information.\n"
            "  -V|--version             Display program version.\n"
           );
}
/* values */
volatile int timerexpired=0;
int speed=0;
int failed=0;
int bytes=0;

/* globals */
int http10=1; /* 0 - http/0.9, 1 - http/1.0, 2 - http/1.1 */
/* Allow: GET, HEAD, OPTIONS, TRACE */
#define METHOD_GET 0
#define METHOD_HEAD 1
#define METHOD_OPTIONS 2
#define METHOD_TRACE 3
#define PROGRAM_VERSION "1.5"
int method=METHOD_GET;
int clients=1;
int force=0;
int force_reload=0;
int proxyport=80;
char *proxyhost=NULL;
int benchtime=30;
static const struct option long_options[]=
{
    {"force",no_argument,&force,1},
    {"reload",no_argument,&force_reload,1},
    {"time",required_argument,NULL,'t'},
    {"help",no_argument,NULL,'?'},
    {"http09",no_argument,NULL,'9'},
    {"http10",no_argument,NULL,'1'},
    {"http11",no_argument,NULL,'2'},
    {"get",no_argument,&method,METHOD_GET},
    {"head",no_argument,&method,METHOD_HEAD},
    {"options",no_argument,&method,METHOD_OPTIONS},
    {"trace",no_argument,&method,METHOD_TRACE},
    {"version",no_argument,NULL,'V'},
    {"proxy",required_argument,NULL,'p'},
    {"clients",required_argument,NULL,'c'},
    {NULL,0,NULL,0}
};
int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{


    if(argc==1)//没有带参数
    {
        usage();
        return 2;
    } 
    int opt;
    int options_index=0;
   
    while((opt=getopt_long(argc,argv,"912Vfrt:p:c:?h",long_options,&options_index))!=EOF )
    {
        switch(opt)
        {
            case  0 : break;
            case 'f': printf("f\n");break;
            case 'r': printf("r\n");break; 
            case '9': printf("9\n");break;
            case '1': printf("1\n");break;
            case '2': printf("2\n");break;
            case 'V': printf("V\n");exit(0);
            case 't': printf("t\n");break;       
            case 'p': 
            printf("p\n");break;
            case ':':
            case 'h':
            case '?': usage();return 2;break;
            case 'c': printf("c\n");break;
        }
    }


    return 0;
}